IV. >> Illustrating the Framework - Indicators for Some Rights >> Selecting the indicators The development of attributes for human rights standards, such as the rights and themes included in this Guide, have been reviewed and validated by experts. Therefore, it may not be necessary to identify them afresh since, once identified, attributes of a right will be equally applicable to most contexts as the underlying human rights standards are universal. However, in those countries where domestic law improves on international human rights treaty provisions, it may be desirable to rework the attributes in conformity with the applicable national and inter- national human rights standards. The contextualization of human rights standards should essentially be carried out in the selection of indicators for the attributes. The steps for identifying attributes are outlined in figure VIII. The steps are also relevant to identifying the attributes of a human rights issue, such as violence against women (see the next section for details). In that case, instead of the treaty provisions, the conceptualization of the issue along with the applicable human rights standards will guide the process of identifying the attributes. C. S  electing the indicators In selecting indicators, the conceptual link with human rights attributes or the human rights standards that these attributes reflect is of prime importance. At the same time, the available empirical evidence on the performance of the identified indicators is an equally important consideration in the selection. In the context of the Guide, the metadata sheet on an identified indicator helps in clarifying this selection. The metadata highlight key information on the indicator, including terminology and common formulation of the indicator, standard international or national definitions, data sources, availability, level of disaggregation, and information on other related and proxy indicators. 1 Steps in selecting structural, process and outcome indicators It is useful to keep the following considerations in mind when selecting indicators in each of the three categories (fig. IX). Given an attribute of a right, the first step is to identify a structural indicator. It is necessary to study and compare the prevalent legal framework related to that right in the country with the corresponding international human rights standards. An indicator is then formulated to help monitor and in some cases even expedite the incorporation of relevant human rights provisions into the country’s legal framework.4 Thus, an indicator like the “date of entry into force and coverage of the right to non-discrimination and equality, including the list of prohibited grounds of discrimination in the constitution or other forms of superior law” is useful in assessing a State party’s commitment to meeting its obligations arising from having signed and ratified core international human rights treaties. The other important consideration in formulating a structural indicator is to seek information that shows how the State’s commitment, as reflected in the enactment of domestic human rights law, is translated into an enforceable programme of action stemming from that standard. Such information is captured in structural indicators on public policy documentation, for instance, by the indicator “time frame and coverage of policy or programme against workplace harassment”. 4. For States with dualist legal systems, international law is not directly applicable. It must be translated into national law and existing national law that contradicts international law must be modified or eliminated. However, for States that follow a monist legal system, ratification of international law immediately incorporates it into national law. Human Rights Indicators 77